_1763201840 20251115101720000 Editor editor.jddt@gmail.com Universal Journal of Pharmaceutical Research Universal Journal of Pharmaceutical Research Univ J Pharm Res 2456-8058 2831-5235 11 15 2025 Emmanuel Ifeanyi Obeagu Aakib Rahman Parray The global demographic shift towards an aging population has led to a marked increase in the incidence of refractory leukemias, posing significant challenges for healthcare systems worldwide. Older adults are disproportionately affected by leukemias that are resistant to conventional therapies, resulting in poorer prognoses and increased morbidity. This review explores the multifaceted impact of population aging on the epidemiology and management of refractory leukemias, highlighting the urgent need for tailored public health interventions. Effective surveillance systems are critical to monitoring trends in leukemia incidence, treatment resistance, and outcomes among elderly populations. Enhanced data collection and integration of molecular and clinical markers can improve early identification of high-risk individuals and inform resource allocation. Additionally, risk-based screening strategies adapted to the unique needs of older adults have the potential to facilitate earlier diagnosis and improve responsiveness to treatment, ultimately reducing the progression to refractory disease. Strategic health planning that incorporates multidisciplinary care models, public health policy initiatives, and community engagement is essential to address the complex care needs of elderly leukemia patients. Investments in healthcare infrastructure, provider training, and supportive services will improve quality of life and clinical outcomes. Collaborative efforts to integrate surveillance and screening into comprehensive health plans can help mitigate the growing public health burden of refractory leukemias in aging populations.                   Peer Review History: Received 9 August 2025;   Reviewed 14 September 2025; Accepted 23 October; Available online 15 November 2025 Academic Editor: Dr. Nuray Arı, Ankara University, Turkiye, ari@ankara.edu.tr Reviewers: Dr. Marwa A. A. Fayed, University of Sadat City, Egypt, maafayed@gmail.com Dr. Mohammad Bayan, Faculty of Pharmacy, Philadelphia University, P.O. Box: 1 Philadelphia University 19392 Jordan, mbayan01@qub.ac 11 15 2025 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 10.22270/ujpr.v10i5.1430 https://ujpronline.com/index.php/journal/article/view/1430 https://ujpronline.com/index.php/journal/article/download/1430/1996 https://ujpronline.com/index.php/journal/article/download/1430/1996 https://ujpronline.com/index.php/journal/article/download/1430/2009 https://ujpronline.com/index.php/journal/article/download/1430/2025