_1663223279 1663223279 Editor editor.jddt@gmail.com Universal Journal of Pharmaceutical Research Universal Journal of Pharmaceutical Research Univ J Pharm Res 2456-8058 09 15 2022 Abdul Qader Mohammed Qasem Zabara https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2568-0546 Abdulwahab Ismail Mohamed Al-Kholani https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2168-0469 Yaser Ahmed Salem Alrubaidi https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2551-7255 Taghreed Ahmed M Al-Kibsi https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4921-6868 Ameen Abdullah Yahya Al-Akwa https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2844-8539 Khaled A AL-Haddad https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5329-7854 Mohammed Mohammed Ali Al-Najhi https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0642-2154 Hassan Abdulwahab Al-Shamahy Back ground and objective:  Tooth loss remains one of the mainly global problem. The current study aimed to investigate the causes of tooth extraction as well as to inspect possible interrelationships between tooth loss and numerous variables consisting of  gender, age, education status and further risk factors, such as hypertension, diabetes, khat chewing and smoking habits. Methods: The study retrospectively investigated 801 dental records from patients who had had as a minimum one tooth extraction. Patient variables consisting of gender, age, education status, hypertension, diabetes, khat chewing and smoking habits. The causes for tooth extraction were recorded as: periodontal disease, dental caries complications of endodontic treatment, impaction, trauma, orthodontic treatment, pre-prosthesis, and others (aesthetic causes, poor dental position, or indeterminate causes). The differences in the mean number of carved teeth per patient with patient variables included: gender, age, education status, hypertension, diabetes, khat chewing and smoking habits were investigated using analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results: Of the 801 patient records reviewed, 1234 extracted teeth were identified. Males had a higher number of extracted teeth 665 (53.9%) than females 569 (46.1%). Males had more extractions (mean±SD=1.6±0.44, p=0.01). The highest rate of extracted teeth was identified between the age group 40-49 years (1.9±0.6 teeth). Lack of education, diabetes, high blood pressure, khat chewing and smoking habits showed a significantly more mean for tooth extraction (p<0.0001). The results showed that dental caries was the main cause of tooth extraction (53.1%), followed by periodontal disease (31.1%), and a complication of endodontic treatment (6.1%). Other reasons were considered minor. Conclusion: Caries, and periodontal disease were the mainly frequent causes of tooth extraction. Additionally, this study demonstrated that age, hypertension, diabetes, khat chewing, and smoking were appropriate predictors of permanent tooth loss because these variables showed a statistically significant association.                        Peer Review History: Received: 8 July 2022; Revised: 15 August; Accepted: 9 September, Available online: 15 September 2022 Academic Editor: Dr. Iman Muhammad Higazy, National Research Center, Egypt, imane.higazy@hotmail.com UJPR follows the most transparent and toughest ‘Advanced OPEN peer review’ system. The identity of the authors and, reviewers will be known to each other. This transparent process will help to eradicate any possible malicious/purposeful interference by any person (publishing staff, reviewer, editor, author, etc) during peer review. As a result of this unique system, all reviewers will get their due recognition and respect, once their names are published in the papers. We expect that, by publishing peer review reports with published papers, will be helpful to many authors for drafting their article according to the specifications. Auhors will remove any error of their article and they will improve their article(s) according to the previous reports displayed with published article(s). The main purpose of it is ‘to improve the quality of a candidate manuscript’. Our reviewers check the ‘strength and weakness of a manuscript honestly’. There will increase in the perfection, and transparency.  Received file:                                Reviewer's Comments: Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 5.5/10 Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 7.0/10 Reviewers: Dr. Bilge Ahsen KARA, Ankara Gazi Mustafa Kemal Hospital, Turkey, ahsndkyc@gmail.com Dr. George Zhu, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, sansan4240732@163.com Similar Articles:   KNOWLEDGE AND PERCEPTION OF MOLAR INCISOR HYPOMINERALIZATION AMONG DENTAL PRACTITIONERS IN SANA’A CITY- YEMEN CAUSES FOR EXTRACTION OF PERMANENT TEETH IN GENERAL DENTAL PRACTICES IN YEMEN 09 15 2022 10.22270/ujpr.v7i4.813 http://ujpr.org/index.php/journal/article/view/813 http://ujpr.org/index.php/journal/article/download/813/1247 http://ujpr.org/index.php/journal/article/download/813/1258 http://ujpr.org/index.php/journal/article/download/813/1269 http://ujpr.org/index.php/journal/article/download/813/1247 http://ujpr.org/index.php/journal/article/download/813/1258 http://ujpr.org/index.php/journal/article/download/813/1269