_1684139194 20230515082634000 Editor editor.jddt@gmail.com Universal Journal of Pharmaceutical Research Universal Journal of Pharmaceutical Research Univ J Pharm Res 2456-8058 2831-5235 05 15 2023 Wadhah Hassan Edrees https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7799-0466 Nasser Mohammad Al-Aomary https://orcid.org/0009-0000-2838-1085 Lutf Mohammed Alrahabi https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7859-9944 Jameela Mohemmed Thabit https://orcid.org/0009-0004-5537-8358 Hamzah Muhammed Ali https://orcid.org/0009-0006-5692-1599 Aseel Qasim Saran https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7121-5258 Abdullah Abdul Karim Saleh https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9914-2811 Eyad Mohammed Al-shaouri https://orcid.org/0009-0003-2974-226X Mohammed Taleb Al-Nahdi https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2592-7480 Fadel Ahmed Dibwan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0658-6159 Background: The epidemiological association between Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) and hepatitis A virus (HAV) has been evaluated by different groups with conflicting conclusions. Aims: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of hepatitis A virus and H. pylori infection among children of an orphanage in Sana'a, and to identify the socio-demographic factors associated with their prevalence, both individually and simultaneously. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study carried out among 200 orphaned children who lived at Ahmed's orphanage in Sana’a City, Yemen during the period from October 2022 to February 2023. The stool and blood specimens were collected and the required data were filled in pretested questionnaire. By using the immunochromatographic assay technique, the seropositivity of the HAV antibody was screened in blood plasma while the H. pylori antigen was detected in stool. The obtained results were analyzed using SPSS software.  Results: Out of 200 participants; 2(1%) were positive for anti-HAV and 63(31.5%) for H. pylori antigen. The HAV and H. pylori infections, respectively, were significantly higher in the group aged 10-12 and 13-15 years, attending a primary and preparatory school, living with 3-5 individuals/room, their family infected with hepatitis A and H. pylori, and received a blood transfusion. The high risk of hepatitis A infection was in children who their family was infected by HAV and received a blood transfusion while H. pylori was in subjects who had a history of hospitalizations and whose family infected by H. pylori. Conclusion: The high number of children suffering from both H. pylori and HAV antibodies among orphans in Sana'a indicates a high prevalence rate in the community. It is possible that this high prevalence reflects a prevalence specific to this group or age, and this connection is real.                       Peer Review History: Received: 26 February 2023; Revised: 11 March; Accepted: 17 April 2023, Available online: 15 May 2023 Academic Editor: Dr. Muhammad Zahid Iqbal, AIMST University, Malaysia, drmmziqbal@gmail.com Received file:                             Reviewer's Comments: Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 5.0/10 Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 7.0/10 Reviewers: Dr. Bilge Ahsen KARA, Ankara Gazi Mustafa Kemal Hospital, Turkey, ahsndkyc@gmail.com Prof. Hassan A.H. Al-Shamahy, Sana'a University, Yemen, shmahe@yemen.net.ye 05 15 2023 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 10.22270/ujpr.v8i2.927 https://ujpr.org/index.php/journal/article/view/927 https://ujpr.org/index.php/journal/article/download/927/1385 https://ujpr.org/index.php/journal/article/download/927/1385 https://ujpr.org/index.php/journal/article/download/927/1394 https://ujpr.org/index.php/journal/article/download/927/1407