CYTOTOXIC EFFECT, ANTIOXIDANT POTENTIAL, AND PHYTOCHEMICAL STUDY OF THE ETHYL ACETATE EXTRACT OF PLEIOGYNIUM TIMORENSE SEEDS

Gehan Fawzy Abdel Raoof; Ataa Abdel Haleem Said; Khaled Younes Mohamed; Aya Mohamed Zaki Abd El Kareem; Tasneem Hemdan Mahmoud

doi:10.22270/ujpr.v7i3.776

Gehan Fawzy Abdel Raoof Pharmacognosy Department, Pharmaceutical & Drug Research Industries Institute, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt.
Ataa Abdel Haleem Said Pharmacognosy Department, Pharmaceutical & Drug Research Industries Institute, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt.
Khaled Younes Mohamed Internal Medicine Department, Medical Institute, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt.
Aya Mohamed Zaki Abd El Kareem College of Biotechnology, Misr University for Science and Technology (MUST), Egypt.
Tasneem Hemdan Mahmoud College of Biotechnology, Misr University for Science and Technology (MUST), Egypt.

10.22270/ujpr.v7i3.776

Keywords:

Antioxidant, cytotoxic, ethyl acetate extract, phytoconstituents, Pleiogynium timorense seeds

Abstract

Objective: The aim of the current research was to evaluate the cytotoxicity of Pleiogynium timorense seeds against different human cancer cell lines, its antioxidant activity and to investigate its phytoconstituents.

Methods: Ethyl acetate extract of Pleiogynium timorense seeds was assayed for the cytotoxic effect against liver cancer cell line (HepG2), ovarian cancer cell line (SKOV-3) and prostate cancer cell line (PC-3) using SRB (Sulforhodamine B) assay. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by the DPPH radical scavenging assay using Trolox as a standard. The phytochemical components of the plant extract were examined using various phytochemical screening methods. The polyphenolic contents of the extract were analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).

Results: The result revealed that the seed extract exhibited very potent effect against HepG-2 cancer cell line with IC₅₀=1.62 μg/mL, and against SKOV-3 cancer cell line with IC₅₀ =6.37 μg/mL, while a moderate effect against PC-3 cancer cell line with IC₅₀=46 μg/mL, by comparing with that of Doxorubicin. Moreover, IC₅₀values of Trolox and the seed extract were 24.42 ± 0.87 and 90.4±0.32 μg/ml, respectively. The results revealed the presence of the flavonoids, tannins and triterpenes and/or sterols in the seed extract. While, it revealed the absence of coumarins, alkaloids, saponins and carbohydrate and/or glycosides from the extract.

Conclusion: In conclusion, the current study highlights the effect of ethyl acetate extract of Pleiogynium timorense seeds as antioxidant and a potent cytotoxic agent against different human cell lines aiming to be the first step towards the discovery of safe natural anticancer drug.