ANTIFUNGAL SUSCEPTIBILITY AND BIOFILM PRODUCTION OF CANDIDA SPP. ISOLATED FROM THE ORAL MUCOSA OF DENTURE PATIENTS AND ORTHODONTIC PATIENTS COMPARED TO HEALTHY CONTROLS

Abeer Hasan Sharafuddin; Ebtihal Mohamed Madar; Khaled A AL-Haddad; Mohammed Mohammed Ali Al-Najhi; Taghreed Ahmed M Al-Kibsi; Hassan Abdulwahab Al-Shamahy

doi:10.22270/ujpr.v9i2.1089

Abeer Hasan Sharafuddin Oral Medicine,Oral Diagnosis, Periodontology and Oral Rediology Departement, Faculty of Dentistry, Sana’a University, Republic of Yemen.
Ebtihal Mohamed Madar Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Sana’a University, Republic of Yemen. Medical Microbiology and Clinical Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sana’a University.
Khaled A AL-Haddad Orthodontics, Pedodontics and Prevention Department Faculty of Dentistry, Sana'a University, Yemen.
Mohammed Mohammed Ali Al-Najhi Orthodontics, Pedodontics and Prevention Department Faculty of Dentistry, Sana'a University, Yemen. Orthodontics, Pedodontics and Prevention Department Faculty of Dentistry, Genius University for Sciences & Technology, Dhamar city, Republic of Yemen.
Taghreed Ahmed M Al-Kibsi Department of Oral and Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Sana’a University, Republic of Yemen.
Hassan Abdulwahab Al-Shamahy Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Sana’a University, Republic of Yemen. Medical Microbiology and Clinical Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sana’a University.

10.22270/ujpr.v9i2.1089

Keywords:

Adult, anti-fungal resistance, biofilm formation, buccal mucosa, Candida species, oral cavity

Abstract

Background and objectives: The intensity of the infection, the host's immune system, and the selected antifungal drug all affect how a Candida infection is treated. The aim of this investigation was to ascertain the prevalence of antifungal resistance in 148 isolates of oral Candida species and to explore any potential association between the formation of oral Candida biofilms and the rate of antifungal resistance in oral Candida isolates.

Methods: The 310 study participants, whose mean age±SD was equivalent to 37.01±20.9 years old, were split into 3 groups: 104 with dentures, 104 with orthodontic abaratus, and 102 controls without dental prosthesis. Of them, 58.1 percent were women and 41.9% were men. Next, the biofilm development of 148 isolates of Candida species was assessed using the Tissue Culture Palate Methods (TCPM) phenotypic technique. The E-test was subsequently used to ascertain the antibifungal susceptibility pattern of the 148 isolates for different medications.

Results: Seventeen isolates (11.5%) shown a high biofilm formation capacity, 45.4% a moderate biofilm formation capacity, and the remaining isolates exhibited little or weak biofilm formation capacity when the isolates were submitted to the TCP method for biofilm detection. All of the examined isolates of Candida species were successfully combatted by amphotericin B, anidulafungin, and capsaicin. Candida species isolates showed varying resistance rates to fluconazole, voriconazole, itraconazole, posaconazole, and ketoconazole: 25%, 15.5%, 27%, 10.8%, and 16.2%, respectively.

Conclusions: Our findings indicate that azole-resistant Candida species are more common in Yemen. Therefore, a strategy to reduce the overuse and unnecessary side effects of antifungal drugs is urgently required. Fungal culture and antifungal susceptibility testing will be useful tools for resistance surveillance and patient care.