ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF ESSENTIAL OIL OBTAINED FROM LEAVES AND ROOTS OF LAVANDULA PUBESCENS

Abdullah AA Ali; Hisham MA Alarz; Osama AA Amer; Bashar HA Masoud; Abdulmajeed AY Aljahfli; Helmi AA Alselwi; Zaid MA Alseraji; Abdulnaser SA Aklan; Mohammed AN Abbas; Hajer AA Qushasha

doi:10.22270/ujpr.v10i2.1306

Abdullah AA Ali Pharmacy Section, Medical Sciences Department, Amran Community College, Republic of Yemen.
Hisham MA Alarz Pharmacy Department, High Institute of Health Sciences, Sana,a, Republic of Yemen.
Osama AA Amer Pharmacy Department, High Institute of Health Sciences, Sana,a, Republic of Yemen.
Bashar HA Masoud Pharmacy Department, High Institute of Health Sciences, Sana,a, Republic of Yemen.
Abdulmajeed AY Aljahfli Pharmacy Department, High Institute of Health Sciences, Sana,a, Republic of Yemen.
Helmi AA Alselwi Pharmacy Department, High Institute of Health Sciences, Sana,a, Republic of Yemen.
Zaid MA Alseraji Pharmacy section, Medical Sciences Department, Sanhan Community College, Republic of Yemen.
Abdulnaser SA Aklan Pharmacy Department, Al-Hikma University, Republic of Yemen.
Mohammed AN Abbas Pharmacy Department, Al-Hikma University, Republic of Yemen.
Hajer AA Qushasha Pharmacy Department, High Institute of Health Sciences, Sana,a, Republic of Yemen.

10.22270/ujpr.v10i2.1306

Keywords:

Antimicrobial activity, essential oils, Lavandula pubescens, leaves

Abstract

Background: Yemen is home to 23 genera and 23 species of the Lamiaceae family. Lamiaceae essential oils have shown the strongest antibacterial activity against a variety of pathogens, such as Candida albicans, Staphylococcus aureus, Aspergillus fumigatus, and Escherichia. These properties may be attributed to the main constituents of Lamiaceae essential oils, such as carvacrol, thymol, p-cymene, 1, 8-cineole, and caryophyllene.

Method: Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus viridans.), Gram-negative bacteria (Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, and Proteus vulgaris), and a series of bacteria available in the institute laboratory's stock culture were used for antibiotic sensitivity testing. The dried leaves and roots of the plant were chopped into small pieces, and the essential oil was extracted from each part by hydro distillation for 12 hours using a Clevenger-type all-glass apparatus. The oil was then transferred to a screw-capped glass vial, dried (Na₂SO₄), and kept at 4°C in the dark until analysis.

Results: Higher concentrations of the extract result in stronger inhibition. Gram-positive bacteria were more susceptible to the extract than Gram-negative bacteria, possibly because of differences in their cell wall structure. Lavandula pubescens essential oil has strong antimicrobial properties, especially against Staphylococcus aureus and Proteus viridans.

Conclusions: Gram-positive bacteria were more susceptible to the extract than Gram-negative bacteria, possibly because of differences in their cell wall structure. This study supports the potential use of Lavandula pubescens as a natural antimicrobial agent, which could be further investigated for pharmaceutical applications. The essential oil of the plant has significant antimicrobial properties, especially against Staphylococcus aureus and Proteus viridans. The antimicrobial effect is concentration dependent, with higher concentrations of the extract leading to stronger inhibition.