DISTRIBUTION AND ANTIBACTERIAL RESISTANCE OF WOUND PATHOGENIC BACTERIA IN PATIENTS OF SANA’A HOSPITALS, YEMEN

Mohammed Mohammed Al-Shehari; Khaled Saad Abdulrahman Al-Khamesy; Khaled Abdulkareem Al-Moyed; Hassan Abdulwahab  Al-Shamahy; Ahmed Mohamed Al-Haddad; Azhar Azher Mohammed Al-Ankoshy; Emad Hassan Al-Shamahi

doi:10.22270/ujpr.v8i3.942

Mohammed Mohammed Al-Shehari General surgery Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sana’a University.
Khaled Saad Abdulrahman Al-Khamesy ENT Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sana’a University, Republic of Yemen.
Khaled Abdulkareem Al-Moyed Medical Microbiology and Clinical Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sana’a University.
Hassan Abdulwahab Al-Shamahy Medical Microbiology and Clinical Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sana’a University. Medical Microbiology department, Faculty of Medicine, Genius University for Sciences & Technology, Dhamar city.
Ahmed Mohamed Al-Haddad Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Hadhramout University, Republic of Yemen.
Azhar Azher Mohammed Al-Ankoshy Physiology Department, Jabir ibn Hayyan Medical University, Faculty of Medicine, Iraq.
Emad Hassan Al-Shamahi General surgery Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sana’a University.

10.22270/ujpr.v8i3.942

Keywords:

Antibiotic sensitivity, bacteriological profile, multidrug resistant (MDR), wound infections

Abstract

Background and objectives: Cutaneous wounds are a common symptom in human medical practice. Understanding the physiology of the wound healing process and using the right therapeutic intervention are necessary for managing the existing healing in wound patients. Infection can cause wounds to take longer to heal, cosmetic surgery outcomes to be less satisfactory, and medical expenses to rise. Due to the dearth of studies in Yemen and other Arabic-nations that describe the different forms, locations, and current understanding of the bacterial causes of wound infection. So, general care hospitals in Sana'a, Yemen, undertook a study to identify the different types, locations, and prevalence of wound contamination caused by various bacteria, as well as to examine the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of wound-isolated bacteria.

Subjects and methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out among 699 wound patients with clinically diagnosed wound infections at NCPHL during the years 2021-2022. Pus and wound swab samples were processed using standard microbiological procedures at NCPHL. A modified Kirby Bauer disc diffusion technique was used to investigate the susceptibility of bacteria to various antibiotics. From pre-questionnaire and laboratory records of the NCPHL, clinical information about patients was gathered, including the types and locations of wounds.

Results: Out of 699 samples, 580 (82.98%) were positive for bacterial cultures. The most common wound was postoperative (30.8%), followed by diabetic foot ulcer (24.5%), traumatic wound (18.7%) and bullet wound (16.9%), while it was less frequent for caesarean section (5.7%) and sharp cut (2%). The present study revealed that Gram-negative bacteria were less frequent than Gram-positive bacteria (43.3% vs. 56.7%). Also gram-positive bacteria show a very high percentage (92.1%) of multidrug resistant (MDR) in compared to gram-negative bacteria (37.8%).

Conclusion: In the current study's wound bacteriological profile, Staphylococcus aureus was shown to be highly prevalent, followed by Escherichia coli, S. epidermidis (CoNS), Acinobacter spp., and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Their sensitivity to widely used antibiotics showed a pattern of decline. It is crucial to be informed of the current bacterial profile trend and to adjust the antibiotic schedule in accordance with sensitivity.