ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE INHIBITION, NOOTROPIC AND ANTIOXIDANT EFFECT OF EXTRACTS FROM AGAVE SPECIES

Herrera-Ruiz Maribel; Jiménez-Ferrer Enrique; Zamilpa Alejandro; Jiménez-Aparicio Antonio Ruperto; Arenas-Ocampo Martha Lucía; Monterrosas-Brisson Nayeli

doi:10.22270/ujpr.v8i4.970

Herrera-Ruiz Maribel Southern Biomedical Research Center, Mexican Social Security Institute (IMSS), Xochitepec, Morelos, 62740, Mexico.
Jiménez-Ferrer Enrique Southern Biomedical Research Center, Mexican Social Security Institute (IMSS), Xochitepec, Morelos, 62740, Mexico.
Zamilpa Alejandro Southern Biomedical Research Center, Mexican Social Security Institute (IMSS), Xochitepec, Morelos, 62740, Mexico.
Jiménez-Aparicio Antonio Ruperto Biotic Products Development Center, National Polytechnic Institute (IPN), Yautepec, Morelos, 62739, Mexico.
Arenas-Ocampo Martha Lucía Biotic Products Development Center, National Polytechnic Institute (IPN), Yautepec, Morelos, 62739, Mexico.
Monterrosas-Brisson Nayeli Faculty of Biological Sciences, Autonomous University of the State of Morelos (UAEM), Cuernavaca, Morelos, 62209, Mexico.

10.22270/ujpr.v8i4.970

Keywords:

Acetylcholinesterase, Agave, LPS, Neurodegeneration

Abstract

Background: The systemic administration of Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a pharmacological model to evaluate different processes associated with neurodegeneration; it is capable of causing an increase in the oxidative state in the brain and increasing the activity of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (ACh-E), involved in the degradation of acetylcholine (ACh). This cholinergic transmission system participates in memory processes, a crucial symptom in neurodegenerative disorders, and its modulation with scopolamine turns out to be an essential tool in the evaluation of plants. Species of the genus Agave are considered a natural resource of economic and cultural importance in Mexico. They possess compounds with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-neuroinflammatory activities.

Methods: Extracts of A. tequilana (At-A), A. angustifolia (Aan-A), A. americana (Aam-A) at 125 mg/kg were administered to male ICR mice with LPS to evaluate the ACh-E inhibition, the concentration of the antioxidant enzyme Gluthatione Reductase (GR) and the prooxidant enzyme NADPH Oxidase (NOX). Also, the nootropic effect of these extracts on scopolamine-induced cognitive impairment was evaluated.

Results: The three Agave species studied decreased the ACh-E enzyme activity, Vmax value, and K_M. These products increased the GR concentration from 0.173±0.003 (vehicle) to 0.642±0.002 µMol/mg in At-A, which was the highest one. Regarding NOX, only the A. tequilana extract decreased it (0.513±0.002µMol/mg)compared with Vehicle (0.621±0.008µMol/mg). A. tequilana and A. americana species significantly improved the retention latency parameter (260 seconds) during the passive avoidance test.

Conclusion: Agave species showed promising results in developing novel drugs for neurodegenerative disease therapy.