OUTCOME OF AZITHROMYCIN AND MONOSODIUM GLUTAMATE ON HISTOLOGIC AND BIOCHEMICAL ALTERATIONS IN RATS’ LIVER

Anthony Cemaluk Chinedum Egbuonu; Prince Ogochukwu Alaebo; Obioma Benedeth Eze; Ngozi Kalu Achi; Chinomso Juliet Njoku

doi:10.22270/ujpr.v8i6.1040

Anthony Cemaluk Chinedum Egbuonu Department of Biochemistry, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture Umudike, Nigeria.
Prince Ogochukwu Alaebo Department of Biochemistry, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture Umudike, Nigeria.
Obioma Benedeth Eze Department of Biochemistry, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture Umudike, Nigeria.
Ngozi Kalu Achi Department of Biochemistry, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture Umudike, Nigeria.
Chinomso Juliet Njoku Department of Biochemistry, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture Umudike, Nigeria.

10.22270/ujpr.v8i6.1040

Keywords:

Azithromycin, liver histology, monosodium glutamate, pro-inflammatory, xenobiotic detoxifications

Abstract

Background: Monosodium glutamate (MSG), a commonly used flavouring, mediated hepatotoxic and pro-inflammatory responses. Azithromycin (AZT), an antibiotic with anti-inflammatory activity, may be co-consumed with MSG to present unknown outcomes on the liver, a major organ for the detoxification of xenobiotics.

Aim: This study evaluated the effect of AZT and MSG on histologic and biochemical changes in rats’ liver.

Methods: Thirty rats in five groups were for seven successive days orally exposed to groups 1, (distilled water 1 mL Kg⁻¹), 2, (MSG 8000 mg/kg), 3, overdose AZT, OAZT (AZT 412.5 mg Kg⁻¹), 4, therapeutic concentration AZT, TAZT, (AZT 82.5mg Kg⁻¹), and 5, (TAZT 82.5 mg Kg⁻¹ + MSG 8000 mg Kg⁻¹). Liver function markers in therats’ serum and liver tissue, and changes in the liver histologic were assessed by acceptable protocols. The mean of numeric data were tested for significance at p value less than 0.05 by analysis of variance (ANOVA).

Results: MSG treatment significantly (p<0.05) increased hepatic and serum alanine aminotransferase activity (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase activity (AST), alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP), total bilirubin concentration (T-BIL), and direct bilirubin concentration (D-BIL) but decreased albumin concentration (ALB) compared to control and others. TAZT treatment caused a significant (p<0.05) decrease in these effects unlike MSG and OATZ treatments while TAZT + MSG co-treatment significantly (p<0.05) reversed these effects compared to MSG-treated rats. Rats’ liver sections for rats in groups 2 and 3 showed severe hepatocellular degeneration and necrosis compared to others while those in group 4 (TAZT) showed the normal hepatic histo-architecture comparable to those in group 1 (control). Those in group 5 showed marked cellular swelling and leukocytic infiltration in only the centrilobular areas, suggesting active restorative responses.

Conclusion: Thus, TAZT significantly mitigated the compromised histologic and biochemical integrities of liver function due to MSG treatment in rats via probable normalization of their enzymatic and non-enzymatic indicators of liver function. This suggests that TAZT could be useful in managing histologic and biochemical malfunction of rats’ liver due to MSG assault.

Peer Review History:

Received: 4 October 2023; Revised: 9 November; Accepted: 21 December; Available online: 15 January 2024

Academic Editor: Dr. Marwa A. A. Fayed, University of Sadat City, Egypt, maafayed@gmail.com

Received file: Reviewer's Comments:

Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 6.0/10

Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 7.0/10

Reviewers:

Idoko Alexander, Caritas University, Enugu, Nigeria, idokoalexander1@gmail.com

Dr. Dennis Amaechi, MrsFoluBabade Mini Estate, Flat 5 by Old Soldiers Quarter, Sabongari/Bwari, Abuja- Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria. amaechitoexcel@yahoo.com