EFFECT OF INTERMAXILLARY FIXATION ON BIOCHEMICAL AND BLOOD MARKERS IN A SAMPLE OF YEMENI ADULTS

Waleed Abdullah Hossin Ahmed Homaid; Akram Thabet Nasher; Hassan Abdulwahab Al-Shamahy; Saleem Taher Ali Ahmed; Ahmed Nasser Ali Mabkhout; Basheer Saeed Mohammed Khalid; Azhar Azher Mohammed Al-Ankoshy

doi:10.22270/ujpr.v9i4.1147

Waleed Abdullah Hossin Ahmed Homaid Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Sana'a University, Republic of Yemen.
Akram Thabet Nasher Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Sana'a University, Republic of Yemen.
Hassan Abdulwahab Al-Shamahy Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Sana’a University, Republic of Yemen. Medical Microbiology and Clinical Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sana’a University, Republic of Yemen.
Saleem Taher Ali Ahmed Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Sana'a University, Republic of Yemen.
Ahmed Nasser Ali Mabkhout Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Sana'a University, Republic of Yemen.
Basheer Saeed Mohammed Khalid Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Sana'a University, Republic of Yemen.
Azhar Azher Mohammed Al-Ankoshy Physiology Department, Jabir Ibn Hayyan Medical University, Faculty of Medicine, Iraq.

10.22270/ujpr.v9i4.1147

Keywords:

Adults, biochemical markers, blood markers, intermaxillary fixation (IMF), Yemen

Abstract

Background: Intermaxillary fixation is a technique that is used in the treatment of jaw fractures, orthognathic surgery, temporomandibular joint disorders, and occasionally morbid obesity. However, it disrupts normal nutrition, leading to weakened immunity, impaired healing, and higher complication risks, negatively impacting treatment outcomes and patient recovery. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the physiological changes in a sample of Yemeni patients following four weeks of IMF treatment.

Materials and Methods: A study involving ten Yemeni adults underwent intermaxillary fixation for mandibular fractures. Parameters like body weight, lipid profile, liver function tests, kidney function tests, electrolytes, and hemoglobin levels were analyzed before and after treatment at a central blood bank.

Results: The majority of patients were male (80.0%) and aged between 25 and 35 years, and the majority had a unilateral mandibular body fracture (50%). Clinical results after 4 weeks of intermaxillary fixation demonstrated significant reductions in body weight (4.2 kg) and BMI (1.0 kg/m²). post-IMF application, lipid profile analysis showed non-significant changes in total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein levels, low-density lipoprotein, and triglycerides (p>0.05), liver function tests exhibited significant decreases in AST (7.7 µ/l, p=0.044), kidney function tests and electrolyte analysis revealed non-significant changes, and there were significant reductions in T.WBC (2.48 x 10⁹/L) and neutrophils (19.5%) after IMF (p=0.007).

Conclusions: Intermaxillary fixation in Yemeni adults leads to weight loss and changes in liver and blood parameters, indicating its systemic effects. These findings highlight the importance of nutritional support and close monitoring during IMF treatment to mitigate malnutrition risks and optimize healing outcomes.